Quantum Temporal Dynamics

A Concept Paper offering overview and introductory discussion of the concepts, arguments and precepts of the hypothesis of Quantum Temporal Dynamics; and QTD’s potential to enhance the Standard Model of Particle Physics.

Version 2.0.3 (2010, Aug 29)

An original work by Craig Gavin Berry - © Craig Berry 1996-2010 – All Rights Reserved

This hypothesis, describing the principles of Quantum Temporal Dynamics, ultimately seeks to unite the as yet unreconciled worlds of Relativity and Quantum theory, refining the Standard Model’s precision at the extreme ‘ends’, the regions of very high and very low energies, masses and densities; and gravity, of course!  Before discussing the universe within the framework of Quantum Temporal Dynamics, we should first explore some very broad concepts in brief and then narrow in from there.

QTD proposes that the temporal field's structures give rise to space-time; and that matter (linear and corporeal) is a mechanism regulating energetic exchange between infinite Potential and infinite Probability.

The ‘multiverse’ potential of QTD allows a quasi-infinite number of physical universes, each with the same function; regulating and modulating energetic exchange between two polar-opposite, mutually exclusive, non-linear ‘fields’ or ‘continuums’, Potential and Probability. 

(Ed. – Nomenclature within QTD’s current hypothesis is somewhat arbitrary, but succinct in describing the basic property of each field.)

‘Non-linear’, in QTD terms, may be defined as completely lacking in any applicable, definable or describable limit and/or boundary.  As there is no physical dimension (limit) to the non-linear, there can be no linear time (past-present-future).  When there is no mechanism of past-present-future, concepts like ‘now’ and ‘then’ simply do not apply; likewise the lack of ‘now’ and ‘then’ implies that physical constraints like ‘here’ and ‘there’ are without application.  This is why, in QTD, the terms, “Non-Linear” and “Infinite” are completely interchangeable and are synonymous within QTD’s discussions.

Without ‘finite’ qualities of any kind that we can meaningfully describe [from our linear point of view], the infinite fields of Potential and Probability are completely non-linear.  They can neither directly interact with, or even acknowledge the other.  (If a thing is infinite, there can be only that thing, to consider any other structure is to deny infinity and is unlikely in the extreme.)   Potential is, to our physical universe, both linear time and negative charge.  Probability is both mass and positive charge.

For these mutually dependant and mutually annihilating, polar opposite fields to interact, an intermediary is required; one that conforms to laws sufficiently different from those of the non-linear to allow mutual acknowledgement of that mechanism of controlled exchange.  With due regard for the repetitively demonstrated principles of conservation of energy, the simplest mechanism of exchange is a temporal continuum not required to conform to non-linear laws.

The temporal foundations of our universe can righty be thought of as both a continuum and a field.  The ‘base’ temporal continuum demonstrates consistency and continuity underlying all of [our] physical and linear structures, including linear time and its resultant space.  The temporal field demonstrates ‘our view’ of what something of infinity should look like from a finite viewpoint; a field of quasi-points holding similar properties regardless of temporal definition, position or momentum.

Allow me a fast excursion to explain that last comment some more.  The zero-point or quantum vacuum energy of physics evidences that at ANY definable point within our physical universe, there exists more latent energy than our whole universe is likely to contain.  Read that last bit again; but before you think this is a bit far fetched, consider that this is not a new, nor even generally contended, principle in Physics.

For definition’s sake, the term “temporal membrane” refers to the underlying temporal fabric, the framework of our physical universe, the container in which our universe exists, the canvas upon which our physics are painted.  The term, “temporal field” refers to the ‘more internal’, ‘more linear-like’ manifestation of temporal structure filtering linear time into our universe (temporal energy) and physically propelling us forward along time’s arrow.

Time’s progression is the most consistent and powerful force at work in our universe, completely outside of all of our attempts at modification or modulation.  Now remains now (to us), the past is gone and can not be physically revisited, and we can not touch the future except by observation, which creates ‘now’.

The device of ‘observation’ can not be bound by linearity, but must work as well forwards as it does backwards in the symmetry demanded by the Standard Model.  Some of QED’s pioneers, Feynman, Schwinger and Tomonaga received the Nobel Prize in 1965 for showing that photons (observation’s mechanism of exchange) and electrons (Potential’s mechanism of enablement) must work just as well ‘moving’ forwards or backwards in time with symmetry, or else the whole lot just falls apart!

Being trans-temporal ‘particles’ of Potential, these particles’ wave forms can ‘transit’ our temporal time line via the temporal membrane.  The fact that science regards the total number of electrons in our Universe as constant, and likewise for photons, is highly suggestive of their trans-temporal behaviour (see reference to the 'ongoing' Big Bang above).  Using this trans-temporal model satisfies the requirements of wave/particle super-positioning, instantaneous communication and poly-occurring particles; containing the super position to our physical realm whilst allowing trans-temporal behaviour allowing physical properties to be retroactively ‘always there’, dependant on potential and enduring energetics.

If you were to attempt to describe what ‘infinity’ looked like from a linear point of view, it has to be both so large and so small as to make definitions like ‘size’ and ‘shape’ meaningless.  It must be presented locally as both effectively omnipresent and effectively omnipotent.  The Temporal Field, within which our physical universe exists, is as close to our definition of infinite as we can define; as far as we look, the field is already there (hence, being able to look).  If we took the Hubble telescope out as far as it has ever seen (about (arguably) 12.7 billion light years) and point it further away, it would still find more universe out there, well beyond that which is often conceptualised as the edge of the known universe.

Continuing our 'Hubble ST' example from above,.. to observe light from 5 billion years ‘out into unknown space’ from the edge of the 'known universe' allows the probability of an entirely complementary path of time to be called forth to satisfy the potential released by this observation.  (Yes this can 'add to the Big Bang', but is undetectable from here as it has 'already happened' and we have 'already observed it', at least at some time in our future.)

Time’s resolution through probability always follows the path of the most enduringly energetic future as the very definition of the Most Probable Future. Observation is the mechanism of exchange between Potential and Probability, defining when ‘now’ is; maybe we better start again,..

The actual mechanism of energetic exchange is observation, the point where photons and gluons become particles from their previous wave forms.  The moment we define as, “Now” is the Universe's continuing moment of observation.  Only at this moment of observation are the ‘competing’ potentials of all possible futures resolved via Probability's ‘temporal distillation’ into the single most probable, most enduringly energetic time line possible.  We find it easy to think in terms of past, present and future, but we are unable to physically break free from time's stream in any meaningful way.  Time, linear time, is the single most powerful force in our universe, just as the temporal membrane represents the foundational 'dimension' of our universe's space.

It is entirely logical to argue that the Big Bang is retroactively variable in magnitude and volume according to observations made temporally in ‘future times’, adding impetus to the process of matter-energy entering our known (observed) universe at its points of origin.  As further observations are made, the [time-line] matter of those observations becomes energised in Potential.  As observation is the mechanism of Probability’s resolution of Potential’s Temporal Energy (time), the time line with that matter becomes energised and ‘happened all along, right from the start’.  The Standard Model allows matter to ‘happen’ from the temporal field.  QTD goes further to say that as deeper observations (relativistic) are made into ‘open space’, more matter will ‘have happened’ [in order] to be observed.

Observation is found in two primary forms, autonomic and relativistic.  Chemistry and Physics events involving photon/gluon based exchanges of quanta are autonomic observation types.  Waves of temporal energy as time and potential - defining the local value of ‘c’ - are resolved into quanta (photons) as atoms intercept the incoming waves of potentials, thereby observing/resolving them into particles according to the rules of physics of our universe.  Everything that ‘moves’ at Light Speed (including TIME!) exhibits the so called ‘wave-particle’ duality and are waves of potential (as temporal energy) within the temporal field awaiting resolution through observation to find the most probable outcome of that ‘bunch’ of potentials.

Relativistic observation is observation beyond that of Chemistry’s and Physic’s predicted events.  Observing one thing in relation to another - relative to things - beyond their immediate chemistry or physics predicted outcomes is relativistic observation.  Expressed most demonstrably by Life, relativistic observation is expressed both at this moment of writing and your moment of reading these words.  The chemistry of the media upon which these words are presented is not significant; our relativistic observation in relation to ourselves and our environment is the most significant thing.

Another feature of relativistic observation is that it is enduring, in that it is not moment to moment; ‘spent’ after an exchange of photons marking autonomic observation.  Emotions, ideas, thoughts and imaginings of all kinds are also relativistic observations and contribute to the entropy of future, increasing vastly the potential (possible outcomes) of each moment, enabling clearer and more accurate probabilistic determination (the more potential [outcomes to choose from], the more energetic the probability when resolved).  We will revisit this part of the discussion a long way down the track.

Returning to the concept of the temporal field, we need to examine its more ‘corporeal’ aspect – in other words, let’s explore it from an angle we can actually describe, because the other side is non-linear and our minds, language, physics and concepts of any kind just don’t ‘fit’ into a non-linear reality.

Ed. - From hereon in this text, we are discussing only autonomic observation until otherwise specified.

The density of the temporal field is in direct proportion to mass within observation.  To re-phrase, in truly empty space, those regions outside of all traces of gravitational influence as we define it, the temporal field is at its ‘sparsest’ (high pressure); inside a super massive black hole, the temporal field is inversely ‘dense’ (low pressure).  These pressures are correct as we have to remember that time is moving, not static, so the faster it moves, the lower the temporal pressure and the greater the demand form surrounding areas of higher pressure.  If this is not making sense, think of the fluid characteristics of air pressure and movement.

Einstein was correct in his identification of the union of time and space, but time is [most likely] the foundational element of space, which results from linear time’s unique property of differentiating ‘now’ and ‘then’, maybe the term, “Time-Space” is more appropriate.  With the temporal field, the mechanism to differentiate ‘now’ from ‘then’ is a co-requisite for defining ‘here’ from ‘there’.

Obeying the principle of conservation again, the simplest dimensional set produced is one of three dimensions, the X, Y and Z axes. (Two physical dimensions represent far less potentials and more than three require a far more complex set of physical laws than necessary to produce sufficient variety in outcomes, including life, a most powerful mechanism of relativistic observation and entropy.)

To enable our conceptual modelling of the temporal field, I will 'recycle' the name of a non-particle of science and science fiction, the, ‘Tachyon’.  QTD calls it 'Tachyon' as much for the thought that the name appeals, as, “it has to be called something and I’m going to get ‘flamed’, regardless!”, so Tachyon it is!  (Ed. - For QED folks, the tachyon IS [technically] outside of the time barrier (c) and can never slow through c, so previous descriptive principles of a tachyon still kind of hold!)

Imagine our [conceptual] tachyon is an entry point of Potential, expressed as linear time in the form of temporal energy, via the modulation and regulation of the temporal field, into our universe.  Representing the quasi-infinite temporal field, tachyons are consistent in every property in every case (because they are all the same non-particle and all [‘one’] of them represents the temporal continuum), occurring in direct proportion to the requirement/influence of mass and its linear laws of physics.  QTD proposes that the so called zero point of the quantum vacuum is a pretty much perfect description of a tachyon’s properties; but the author also recognises that even describing the tachyon in terms of being ‘a particle’ is a convenience of language rather than a definitive absolute.

The tachyon is a regulator of temporal energy (time itself); its rate of communication is the determining factor of the [local] value of c (light speed).  The local value of c is exactly the rate at which tachyons ‘communicate’ in temporal energy and Potential.  Whilst this has huge implications for Einstein’s famous E=mc² (e.g. where t is linear time, E=mt² is just as correct), we will describe the tachyon a little more first.

To make things slightly more complicated, the presence of tachyons is highly probable, so tachyons have a form of mass, too; but a less conventional form of mass which is still trans-temporal in form, bypassing all but its own shared observation, and therefore does not directly interact with our linear universe as all other sub-c particles can.  Temporal energy (linear time) too is trans-temporal and whilst it has a clear and distinct energy, it is also beyond the general physics of our universe.  It is, of course, Dark Matter and Dark Energy respectively that is described here.

When temporal pressure decreases due to mass accumulation, tachyon density increases consistent with the 'temporal low pressure' initiated by the given mass.  The net effect of this increase in tachyon density is the increase in tachyon density of occurrence within a given cubic value; and an inverse slowing of time (measured as we do, against our experience of it at sea level on Earth) marked as a decrease in the local value of c.  Whilst science observationally confirms that the nearer a mass, the slower time passes in relation to further from a mass, it must also consider the likewise [relative] decrease in the local value of c.

Whilst there are massive gravitational influences within our universe, the ‘bulk’ of its volume is ‘empty’.  Tachyon density in these voids occur only at levels sufficient to prevent temporal collapse of that space-time and temporal pressure is at its ground state highest pressure (essential stasis).

This presents us a paradox,..  Imagine we can view reality, our linear universe, from outside and all at once (think temporal membrane or field here); now we set some form of ‘cosmic scale’ with a scale of distance not reliant upon the temporal field (no- not possible, but let’s just imagine it anyway).  The first thing that you’d notice is a heterogeneous cloud with vast inconsistencies in the tachyon densities filling our universe, aggregating thickly in areas with more mass.  To ‘watch’ a beam of light pass from tachyon to tachyon would be to watch something ‘accelerate massively’ when in empty space and ‘slow to a crawl’ near large masses as local times dilate and contract.

If we were to compare our currently perceived distances to this ‘cosmic ruler’, we’d find our measurements embarrassingly far from consistent at pretty much every turn.  The interesting thing is that from inside the temporal field, because time and c are consistently the same value, the physics and distances are still perfectly valid because time and c are perceived as constant, therefore distance is constant also.

Consider the ‘occurrence’ of the Big Bang; under the ultra-massive pressure of having the mass of the universe in the physical space of less than an atom, tachyon density would also mean local values of time and distance remain just as valid at both that moment and today, 13.8 billion years on (by our scale).  This contraction of time and c (by today's measure) will also change internally perceived distance to a scale consistent with all observations facilitated by tachyon's linear time and c.

From within the Big Bang, the ‘bang’ would have seemed like a very long event indeed, probably pretty far away from any form of a “Bang” you’d care to describe; probably taking billions of years ‘locally’ to occur.  Viewed from our current, geocentric time scale, the expansion of the Big Bang would have probably exceeded any rate we’d have ever thought of as possible, with millions of years of interactions seemingly occurring in a few moments.

Of the many hypotheses concerning the 'structure' of the universe, the author favours one of quasi-continual production of matter and time in a continually unfolding "Big Fountain" rather than a singular big bang.  If considered in three dimensions, the visualisation would be of a central 'point' running at such a different time scale that phenomena from such an event still 'trickles' out but is not directly observed by us.  With tachyons spreading 'radially' until mass thins out so much that there is no point in maintaining linear time as there is no mass that has not evaporated into heat at the 'outer edge' of the temporal field.

One of the more interesting thoughts in this concerns the correlation of Time and Light Speed when considering E=mc² ; where t is linear time, E=mt² because c=t and t is reliably consistent from the inter-tachyon communication rate (regarded by QTD as the same value), regardless of tachyon density at the time.  This means that the (local) energy density in the Big Bang was far lower against our experiential scale of today; if the value of c decreases, the value of E also proportionately decreases. This means the local energy based on local c=t would still be quite consistent with the same physical laws and energies today, regardless of pressure.

To illustrate this further, it will take a ‘beam of light’ the same ‘time [c=t]’ to cross the universe when it was just an ultra-dense and universally massive ‘tennis ball’ as it would today, still being many billions of light years in diameter.  The mass has hardly changed at all so the number of tachyons from one side to the other is still the same too.  If the local value of c is reduced, the whole energy of the event is similarly scaled to contain consistent physical laws.

QTD proposes that Red Shift occurs when the frequency of light is slowly reduced by its transit of base state (high temporal pressure) tachyon fields where the frequency of the potential is harder to carry.  This is consistent with the ‘expanding space-time theory’.  Gravitational tunnelling and lensing shows that light can retain its frequency over massive distances (where red-shift ‘should’ have occurred) if following a line of definitive gravitational interaction between two distant objects where the tachyon field is denser than in the space not influenced by the masses.  For the lay reader, this hopefully explains why the speed of light (inter-tachyon rate) remains constant even though its frequency and energy may shift.

The function of temporal energy is to introduce a linear form of Potential in such a form as to allow probabilistic determination through observation, creating the energetic equivalent of Probability that is quantified as mass.  Mass is a function of probabilistic resolution of temporal energy during temporal distillation of Potential.

No mass can be satisfied in its temporal energy requirement by just the tachyons within its physical boundaries and it borrows further temporal energy from any surrounding tachyon in ratio to the demands placed upon it.  For instance, the extreme ‘edge’ of the gravitational exertion of our solar system marks the final ‘boundary effect’ of temporal energy low pressure generated by the mass of our total solar system.

Here we enter some truly strange but logical realms.  Assuming all that has been presented to this point represents an accurate understanding, the temporal energy required for a given mass is always greater than the temporal energy available to it from the tachyons physically contained within that mass.  All mass requires temporal energy, supplied by tachyons which occur beyond its physical boundaries of mass, regardless of that mass being as ‘light’ as an neutrino or ‘heavy’ as a neutron.

We may also assume that temporal energy is supplied by tachyons in direct ratio to demand.  Example – an 80:20 demand upon a tachyon for temporal energy will be supplied in that ratio and the ‘debt’ passed onto the next lower energy state tachyon in sequence.  The implications of this temporal debt are huge; especially if we now discuss the QTD concept that temporal debt, or more correctly, “Temporal Offset”,  is the mechanism of both gravity and strong (nuclear) attraction and obeys the inverse square principle, even within a ‘bunch of quarks’ at the heart of a mass bearing particle.

Temporal offset occurs when the averaged geometric central point to conceptual boundary of tachyons involved in supplying temporal energy to a given mass is different to the mass centre of that given mass.  Standing on the earth (average) at mean sea level, I experience 1G, 1 x Earth’s gravity.

It would be a fair assumption that the average centre of my temporal ‘bubble’ would be far nearer the centre of the mass upon which I am standing, functionally indistinct from mass centre which at the standard value of c, is [radius of Earth / the speed of light =] 0.0212750516 seconds.  My tachyon bubble will be a very rough and ‘turbulent’ spheroid surrounding the planet (way out there!), hence using the major mass' (Earth's) centre as the offset, being functionally close enough to the geometric centre of the my body's mass' tachyon bubble. The pressure exerted by temporal offset upon my mass [centre] is a ‘smidge over’ 0.021275ish seconds = 1G and happens pretty consistently in direct line with mass centre of the planet.

Regarding Gravity – assuming the principle of temporal offset holds true, then matter near matter experiences a physical draw in the direction of the geometric centre of the shared temporal effect.  In simplified example, standing on the planet’s surface, my mass has far less direct competition for temporal energy from above than below, where the mass of the earth is making a pretty convincing ‘first claim’.  The temporal offset (how far the temporal energy has to come from to satisfy your mass’ temporal energy requirements) means that your mass is trying to relocate to the geometric centre of the entire temporal effect of your mass.

Maybe a better model is considering time as pressure, we are drawn by the lower temporal pressure of the earths mass to conform to that mass, and the difference in experienced times is equal to gravity.  The geometric centre of your temporal effect is probably still going to end up near the centre of the majority mass involved.  This is countered by the laws of linear physics, so is exhibited as a consistent, energetic attraction towards mass which is gravity.

If tachyon cloud densities are mass dependant, then the majority mass should be the impetus for the relative occurrence of that tachyon cloud.  Being trans-temporal, it is observation rather than kinetics that apply to a tachyon cloud, but the cloud is most static relative to the majority of mass that agrees on its motion (a galactic black hole for example).

At galaxy levels, the mass motion is pretty easy to see, but the mechanism of galactic ‘circulation’ remains a mystery at this stage.  Galaxies do not conform to orbital mechanics as the entire galactic 'disc' rotates like a solid plate, with the centre and the edges rotating at pretty much the same rate.  Orbital mechanics generally require masses closer to the mass centre to orbit faster to overcome the stronger gravity of the centre than the orbit speeds of those further from the mass centre.

QTD holds that the tachyon cloud of a galaxy remains in relative physical stasis in relation to the majority position & motion of a mass.  As the tachyon cloud establishes a clear fluid-like orientation, more matter is ‘swept’ into complementary motion through the modest yet insistent temporal lag which would exhibit as resistance to non-complementary motion AND conduction towards complementary motion.

The principles of fluid dynamics hold true when considering the collision of two galaxies if one thinks of the relative tachyon cloud's ‘motions’ as a fluid problem (carrying suspended particles).  The very obvious and predictable results have again been caught by the amazing Hubble Space Telescope, demonstrating this logic in its images of colliding galaxies' splashing and vortices of fluid-like tachyon (gravitational) disruption.

As a model of the tachyon occurrence within the temporal field, fluid models still hold true if considered as ‘temporal (time) viscosity’.  Under the influence of the temporal energy requirement of a mass, tachyons occurrence increases in response to the ‘low pressure’ of temporal energy debt consistent to the negative pressure of that debt and consistent with the inverse square law of gravity.

At the quantum level, in a hydrogen atom’s single proton (positive charge) as its ‘mass centre’, the tachyons involved in this mass create an effective ‘low pressure’ in the surrounding temporal field whilst experiencing a very low internal pressure and relative compressive force at the proton’s ‘surface’ as the proton’s quarks ‘eat’ temporal energy.

Quarks (and other mass bearing point particles) are the trans-probabilistic mechanisms of mass. The author’s current direction of thought is that tachyons occurrence is probably within what is thought of as the structure of quarks.  This would offer a simple model - a low temporal energy pressure within an atomic nucleus where the ‘edges of each quark’ ‘contain’ bound tachyons (initial thoughts suggest ‘9 tachyon-trio positions within a quark’ as a good arbitrary figure to satisfy QCD requirements) forming extreme low pressure at their physical event boundaries.  If each quark end-point trio position is either inwardly (+), outwardly (-) or mutually observant (=), QCD and QED remains satisfied in charge potentials and directions. [Ed. Remember that photons and gluons are the ‘units of currency’ of temporal– probabilistic exchange. More on this later.]

Tachyons ‘internal’ to ‘our proton’ satisfy the majority of its required temporal energy, hence, its local temporal effect (low pressure) is quite low and it is not particularly attractive to other hydrogen nuclei, or anything else for that matter.

For a mass to be probable, it is by definition a mechanism open to multiple potential futures and is attractive to Potential and its physical representative, the electron.  When a probable mass is available, the natural balance is a potential filled electron to balance the proton’s positive charge with its own, negative.  A proton without an electron in attendance remains highly probable but is now out of charge and is thus reactive.

A neutron is a relatively attractive structure to a proton as it will contribute to the proton's mass without disturbing its charge and satisfy the ‘open’ observation balance of the proton’s quarks.

Whilst at this point it is still convenient to use the ‘billiard ball’ model of atomic structure, there may well be a blending of quarks in a probabilistic cloud, a layered proton with a neutron shell (Ed.’s favoured model) or any other trans-probabilistic (& trans-linear) structure we care to imagine.

SUMMARY

The infinite (& therefore non-linear) ‘fields’ of Potential and Probability, to exist, require a medium of exchange to act as a regulator and modulator permissible to their non-linear laws and different enough to allow temporal distillation of potentials by probabilistic determination.

Our physical universe is such a mechanism of exchange, contained within a temporal membrane QTD calls the Temporal Field, manifesting in our linear universe as a trans-temporal, ‘non-particle’ tachyon field which occurs in proportionate density to the temporal effect of mass and background temporal state requirement to maintain linearity.  Tachyons supply temporal energy (time and pressure) to satisfy the probabilistic demand of mass within a linear space-time, measured in units of photons or gluons.

Gravity and Strong are both effects of ‘low’ temporal pressure.  Gravity is the linear manifestation of time pushing its mass towards its geometric centre of temporal effect, countered by linear physical laws.  Strong is the tachyon to tachyon effect of temporal low pressure, knitting quarks together. In stronger and weaker structural configurations, with some arrangements of quarks unable to sustain a stable nucleus.

Light speed, time and tachyon density are functionally equal in value and are interchangeable in calculations.  C is governed by the constant tachyon to tachyon communication rate, regulating time and ‘smoothing’ out many of the reactions regarded as too violent or ill-timed to work, as viewed currently in physics.

TO BE CONTINUED……